To understand how lymphedema occurs, we need to know a little about what the lymphatic system is and how it works.

The lymphatic system consists of many tiny vessels throughout the body. Lymph contains proteins, water, bacteria, and waste products that the body does not need. Lymph flows along tiny vessels to lymph nodes - in the armpits, groin, neck, and inside the body. In the lymph nodes, the lymph is filtered and cleansed, and the immune system is activated. A swollen lymph node indicates that the immune system is active.

Lymphedema is the name given to the swelling that occurs due to a damaged or blocked lymphatic system. A damaged lymphatic system prevents the drainage of lymph.

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What increases the risk of developing lymphedema?

• Gender - women have a slightly increased risk
• Obesity
• Venous and other blood vessel diseases, especially in the legs and feet
• Damaged lymph nodes due to radiation therapy or surgery
• Inflammation and infections in the skin and subcutaneous tissue
• Lack of physical activity

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What kind of symptoms does lymphedema cause?

• Swelling
• Sensation of heaviness
• Tingling and discomfort
• Reduced mobility

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What happens to the skin?

• It becomes thick and hard
• It becomes dry and flaky
• Eczema occurs more easily due to a weaker skin barrier
• Warts are more common
• Increased risk of infections such as cellulitis

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What is the treatment for lymphedema?

Lymphedema is a chronic condition that does not have a known cure. The main goal of treatment is to reduce the swelling and keep it to a minimum. It is best to treat lymphedema in its early stages to prevent further swelling and complications.

Treatment may include skincare with moisturizers, bandaging, exercise/movement, and lymphatic massage by a physiotherapist. In rare cases, the lymphatic system can be repaired through surgical intervention.