Athlete's foot, also known as "tinea pedis," is the most common fungal infection in humans. The skin infection occurs most frequently in adolescents and adults, and it is more common in men. Athlete's foot is often localized between the toes (typically between the fourth and fifth toes) or can extend to the top of the foot (known as "moccasin rash").
Athlete's foot is caused by various types of fungi (dermatophytes). These fungi establish themselves in the top layer of the skin and/or nails. The fungus thrives in moist and warm environments, typically occurring with increased foot sweating and tight footwear (e.g., synthetic socks and boots). People often contract the infection in shared showers, gyms, and swimming pools.
The initial treatment for athlete's foot involves antifungal creams. The treatment typically lasts for several weeks. In some cases, a prolonged course of oral antifungal medication may be necessary (especially if the cream is ineffective, frequent relapses occur, or there is concurrent nail fungus). Unfortunately, relapses are common.
As part of the treatment and prevention, it is important to reduce the fungal growth in the skin by thoroughly drying the feet after showering (using a hairdryer if necessary) and wearing breathable footwear. Regularly changing socks (preferably non-synthetic) and using powder can also help prevent relapses. In public areas, wearing slippers or similar footwear can reduce the risk of transmission.
