Intertrigo is an inflammation of the skin characterized by redness that can cause soreness and itch. The skin is often moist, and small cracks may be present. Intertrigo can be both short-term and long-term. High alcohol consumption, smoking, and sweating predispose individuals to the disease. Obesity increases the likelihood of developing intertrigo. Diabetes, poor nutrition, and a weakened immune system are also predisposing factors. Sometimes, fungal or bacterial infections can occur in conjunction with intertrigo.
Intertrigo occurs in skin folds, where skin rubs against skin. Typical locations include the groin, inner thighs, underarms, under the breasts, in abdominal skin folds, and in the groin area. Other affected areas may include the neck, behind the ears, in the buttock crease, and between the toes and fingers. The skin is usually slightly shiny, reddish, and slightly elevated. The skin may also appear brownish-red. Occasionally, there may be moist flakes and deposits, and an odor may be present. Diagnosis is usually based on the typical appearance, but if there is uncertainty, a dermatologist may perform a tissue sample (biopsy). The biopsy may not always confirm the diagnosis, but the results can rule out other skin conditions. The doctor may also take a sample from the skin to test for fungal or bacterial infection. If there are small pimples or excessive moisture on the skin, it may indicate an infection. Blood tests do not provide information about the disease.
It is believed that sweat and moisture, along with friction and heat, trigger the disease. Since the skin barrier is compromised, infection with Candida or bacteria can easily occur.
The goal of skincare should be to prevent excessive moisture in the skin. The skin can be washed with mild soap and rinsed with water before drying. It is recommended to air-dry or use a hairdryer on a gentle setting. Throughout the day, it is beneficial to expose the skin folds to air. Talcum powder can be used to prevent moisture. Placing cotton fabric in skin folds can also help prevent moisture. In individuals with excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis), this condition can be treated with aluminum salts or similar products. Weight loss and lifestyle improvements can be beneficial. Barrier creams such as zinc ointment can be useful, especially for individuals experiencing urinary or fecal leakage.
In terms of medical treatment, antifungal agents are often tried first, either as creams or powders. If this is not sufficient, a cream containing corticosteroids may be applied. Corticosteroid creams are particularly appropriate if itch is bothersome.
In intertrigo, there is often concurrent infection with Candida and sometimes bacteria. Common fungal skin infections (tinea) can also resemble intertrigo, especially in the groin and between the toes. Allergic reactions to substances that come into contact with the skin can resemble intertrigo, and the most relevant allergens are deodorants and fragrances. There are variants of psoriasis that primarily affect skin folds, known as inverse psoriasis. Often, there are signs of psoriasis in other parts of the body or a family history of psoriasis. Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema) can also occur in skin folds and resemble intertrigo. In seborrheic dermatitis, most individuals experience flaking in the scalp. Some may characterize diaper rash as a form of intertrigo.
