Painful abscesses under the skin often start in puberty and can be a hereditary condition. More women than men are affected, with a prevalence of 1-4% of the population in Europe. The name hidradenitis (derived from the Greek word "hidros") is related to the word "sweat" because it was previously believed to be an inflammation of the sweat glands.
Today, it is known that the cause lies around the hair follicles, and the disease is considered an autoimmune condition in which the body reacts with inflammation targeting its own cells.
The disease is believed to worsen with smoking and obesity.
Patients experience painful abscesses under the arms, in the groin area, under the breasts, in skin folds on the abdomen, or between the buttocks. Some have painful nodules, while others have large abscesses that drain pus. When patients describe how negatively this affects their daily lives, they rank highest among all patients with skin diseases. Many experience social limitations and significant impact on their relationships.
Hidradenitis is a chronic disease that often lasts for several years. Some experience spontaneous remission. The disease has nothing to do with poor hygiene. There are several treatment options available, tailored to the severity of the symptoms. All treatment attempts aim to alleviate symptoms but cannot cure the disease.
Typically, treatment starts with antibiotic creams or tablets.
Surgery may be considered for certain deep abscesses and areas prone to scarring.
For severely affected patients, a biological treatment (adalimumab) has been approved, requiring specialist supervision.
